Muhammad ni umuntu washinze Islam, idini ritavugwaho rumwe n’abantu. Akenshi usanga bamwe baryanga urunuka kuko hari bamwe baryitwaje bagakora ibikorwa bibi, abandi bo bakaba barikunda urudasanzwe, hakaba na bamwe baripfiriye.
Amazina ye nyakuri Ni Muhammad ibn Abdullah. Ibn ni Icyarabu, mu Kinyarwanda bikaba bisobanura mwene cyangwa umuhungu wa, bivuze ko se wa Muhammad yitwaga Abdullah.
Idini yashinze ni rimwe mu rifite imyumvire itangaje mu rwego rwo hejuru, kuko Abislam baba bashima Imana nyuma yo gupfusha abana babo, urugero nk’abo muri Palestine. Aho kurira baba bavuga bati: “Imana ishimwe,” kuko baba bizeye ko agiye aheza.
Abagize iri dini bagira urukundo n’impuhwe, bikaba biranga uwo ari we wese, bakaba basenga berekeje amaso yabo i Mecca, aho intumwa yabo yavukiye, kuko ari we idini rishingiyeho, akaba afatwa nka Mose, Aburahamu na Yesu.
Muhammad ni we ntumwa ya nyuma yabayeho muri izi zo haruguru, Abislamu bakaba bemeza ko nta wundi uzaza nyuma. Yashinze iri dini ahagana mu wa 610 nyuma ya Yesu.
Idini rya Islam ribamo ibice bibiri, Abashiya cyangwa Abashite n’Abasuni. Aba batandukanira kuri byinshi, ariko icy’ingenzi ni uko batemeranya ku itariki Muhammad Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha yavukiyeho. Abashiya bemera ko yavutse ku wa 17 mu kwezi kwa Rabi’ al-Awwal, ukwezi kwa gatatu kuri kalendari y’ukwezi ya Islam, mu gihe Abasuni bo bemera itariki ya 12.
Yavukiye i Mecca muri Arabiya Sawudite mu wa 570 nyuma ya Yesu, avuka ari imfubyi kuko se Abdullah yapfuye mu gihe nyina Amina yari atwite inda y’amezi atatu, na we akaza gupfa Muhammad afite imyaka 6, kandi akimubyara yabuze amashereka, Muhammad yonswa na Harimatou Samia.
Uyu mugabo ukomoka mu miryango ya Aburahamu, nyuma yuko nyina apfuye yarezwe na sekuru Abdul Muttalib, gusa na we ahita apfa nyuma yaho, ajya kurerwa na se wabo wamukundaga cyane Abu Talib.
Abislam bemeza ko iyo umwana abaye imfubyi agira imigisha y’Imana kuko imwitaho. Icyakora ubupfubyi bwa nyabwo kuri bo ni ubwo gupfusha umubyeyi w’umugabo. Bavuga ko Muhammad yamenye ubwenge kuko atigeze abona isura ya se wapfuye bakimutwite.
Mu myaka 19 yakunze mubyara we, kubera ubukene baramumwima. Yabangamirwaga no kubona abantu basenga ibigirwamana, noneho bigashyirwa mu nzu yubatswe na Aburahamu yari i Mecca yitwaga Kaba. Kubona abantu basenga inyamaswa n’ibindi byaramubabazaga.
Abo mu bwoko bwe bifuje gusakara Kaba yari idasakaye ari inkuta gusa, bamwe bumva ko kuhavugurura byatera ibibazo, gusa batangiye kuhasenya ntibyatera ikibazo, babifata nk’umugisha.
Iyi nzu yagombaga gushyirwaho ibuye ry’umukara ryari risanzweho mbere yuko bavugurura (Black stone), bakaba bari bizeye ko umuntu uzarishyira mu mwanya waryo azaba ari umunyamugisha, banzura ko urinjira bwa mbere ari we urishyiraho. Muhammad ni we warisubije mu mwanya waryo afatanyije n’abandi, ariko we ariterezamo neza.
Ku myaka 25 yahawe akazi ko gukurikirana ibicuruzwa by’umugore w’umukire Khadija wamurushaga imyaka 15, we na Khadija baba inshuti kuko Muhammad atari umujura nk’abandi, birangira bakundanye, barabana, Khadija akaba yari afite imyaka 40.
Umugore we yatangaga amahoro, bituma na we akomeza gushakisha Imana. Yatangiye gusengera ku musozi wa Hira. Yasengaga Imana imwe, mu gihe abandi basengaga imana nyinshi, ari na byo byamurakazaga.
Ku myaka 40, marayika Gaburiyeli yamusanze ababajwe n’abasenga ibigirwamana. Muri Quran (Korowani) 96:1-5 havuga ko marayika Gaburiyeli yamuzaniye igishura, akamusaba gusoma ibyari byanditseho.
Hagira hati: “Ubwo Muhammad yari ari mu kiruhuko asenga mu buvumo bwa Hira, marayika Gaburiyeli yamuhingutse imbere, amutegeka gusoma, Muhammad aramusubiza ati ‘ariko sinabasha gusoma.’ Marayika aramwegera, aramuhumuriza, ati ‘mu izina ry’Imana yaremye, ikarema umuntu kuva mu nsoro, kandi Imana yawe ni inyembabazi, ni Imana yigishirije umuntu ku ikaramu, kandi ni Imana yigishije umuntu ibyo atari azi, nonaha soma.” Muhammad yarasomye, ahita abona birakunze.
Abandi bavuga ko ubwo yarimo asenga, Gaburiyeli yamweretse igishura kiriho amagambo, amusaba kuyasoma, ariko Muhammad amubwiye ko atize, atazi gusoma, Marayika aramuniga hafi gushiramo umwuka, yongera kumutegeka gusoma, Muhammad arongera amubwira ko atazi gusoma, Marayika arongera aramuniga, bibaye gatatu areba ku gishura arasoma, atungurwa no kubona bikunze.
Ibyo yasomye yabifashe mu mutwe, ahita ataha abibwira umugore we.
Khadija yaramushyigikiye, amusaba ko Marayika naza bazaba bari kumwe, kugira ngo arebe ko uwo Atari umudayimoni cyangwa umuzimu. Ibyo byarabaye, Gaburiyeli aragaruka, guhera ubwo Khadija amushyigikira yivuye inyuma, basenga Imana imwe.
Yatewe inkunga yo gukomeza gusenga Imana imwe, yanga izindi, abantu batangira kumenya ibye kuko yakomezaga kugenda abibwira abantu. Byatumye abayobozi bo mu mana z’ibigirwamana bamurakarira, bakeka ko azabakuraho abayoboke, batangira kuvuga ko akoreshwa na Satani, ari ho havuye Islam phobia, urwango rwangwa Abislam. Muhammad yatangiye kuyobokwa n’abantu, agakomeza kubifuriza amahoro n’imigisha.
Ubwo yari agiye kwiyahura kuko Marayika yari yaratinze kumubonekera, Gaburiyeli yaratabaye, araza amubwira ko ari intumwa y’Imana y’ukuri, arenzaho ati: “Nyuma yawe nta yindi ntumwa y’Imana izabaho ukundi, wikwiyaka ubuzima uracyafite byinshi byo gukora.” Yongeye kumara igihe atabonekerwa, ashaka kwiyaka ubuzima, ariko buri gihe Gaburiyeli agatabara.
Yatangiye kujya amara ukwezi kumwe mu mwaka asengera mu buvumo bwa Hira, akiyiriza ubusa, agasenga, kugira ngo yegerane n’Imana. Yanyuraga kuri Kaba, akayizenguruka karindwi. Hari abavuga ko yahawe kuba intumwa ku wa 27 mu kwezi kwa Rajab, ariko abandi benshi bemera ko ari mu kwezi kwa Ramadan, tariki ya 17 mu wa 610.
Abantu bakomeje kumwumva, abemeye ibyo avuga batangira gutera abandi ubwoba bababwira ko gusenga imana nyinshi ari icyaha, bituma havuka izindi nyigisho zibaza ukuntu umuntu adasenga Imana imwe. Byatumye havuka imitwe y’ibyihebe yica abasenga ibigirwamana.
Umwana we n’umugore we Khadija n’umwana bari barareze, bari mu ba mbere bemeye ko ari intumwa y’Imana. Mu wa 613 yategetswe na Marayika kwigisha. Ubwo yatangiraga kwigisha yahamagariye abantu gusenga Imana imwe, abasaba gusenya ibigirwamana, abantu baramwumva, abandi barabyanga, akomeza kubasaba “Kwiha Imana Imwe (Kumvira Imana Imwe)” ari byo bisobanura Islam cyangwa (Submission to the Will of God).
Uko abamukundaga biyongeraga, ni ko abataramwumviye kubwo gutinya kubura abayoboke, batangiye kumurwanya. Bamusabye gukora ibitangaza arabyanga, bamusaba gupfa akazuka arabyanga, ababwira ko nta cyo bimaze.
Umunsi umwe ari gusenga yaratutswe, hanyuma ababaza agira ati: “Ese muyobewe ko Imana ya ba Aburahamu na Ishimayeli yari imwe? Murantuka muvuge ibyo mushaka, ariko Imana nsenga ni imwe, ni Allah.” Kuri uyu munsi haje abandi basangirangendo baramushyigikira, ariko bose batangira kurwanywa.
Batangiye guhuza Islam n’imyuka mibi (Islam Phobia). Muhammad abonye ko bikaze asaba Abislam guhungira muri Habash hayoborwaga n’Umukristo. Barahunze, aha hakaba ari muri Etiyopiya na Eritereya icyo gihe hitwaga Abisiniya, umwami Negus wari Umukristo arabakira.
Ubwo bari mu buhungiro babwiwe ibihuha by’uko abantu bose b’iwabo bari barabaye Abislam, barahunguka, ariko birangira basanze urwango rwariyongereye, Muhammad ahitamo kurwana n’abamurwanyaga. Hari i Badr, intambara ikaba yariswe The Batlle of Badr.
Yabaye ku wa 13 mu kwezi kwa gatatu 624. Muhammad yaratsinze, abantu be biyongera, ariko amahane akomeje basabwa guhunga. Bataye byose barahunga, Muhammad arababara, abasezeranya ko Imana izabasubizayo.
Nyuma gato umugabo witwaga Abusufiyani yashatse kurwanya Abisilam, akoranya igisirikare cyarimo abarenga igihumbi, mu rugamba bise The Battle of M’UTAH . Muhammad yari yaramaze kubaka icyicaro i Madina, ategeka abantu be kurwanda, kandi byarangiye Muhammad atsinze, abandi barayoboka.
Ingabo ze 313 zatsinze abarenga 1000. Muri Islam hapfuye 14, nyuma y’intambara asubira I Madina. Bivugwa ko Muhammad yarwanye intambara 95. Abantu batangiye kumwubaha, abasaba ko batamusenga, asaba ukutagirwa nk’Imana. Ntiyari umuzungu, ntiyari umwirabura. Yari aringaniye mu bintu byose, afite uruhu rw’umuhondo ruganisha ku rw’Abarabu. Nta hantu na hamwe wabona ifoto ye, kuko na byo yabibabujije.
Mu bitangaza yakoze harimo ko yigeze gutwarwa ku ifarashi na Marayika, akajyanwa muri Paradizo, muri Isirayeli, ahava amaze igihe asenga gatanu, ari na ho byavuye ko Abislam basenga izo nshuro, nubwo Atari bose babikora.
Ibindi ni uko yanditse Korowani , ubwo bamurwanyaga agatunga ukwezi urutoki kugacikamo kabiri, ubwo yasengaga agasaba izuba guhagarara kugira ngo barangize isengesho n’igihe abantu baburaga amazi akayakura mu biganza bye.
Urushako rwe ruvugwaho byinshi, kuko abarirwa abagore bari hagati ya 11 na 13. We na Khadija bamaranye 25, ashaka abandi bose ari uko Khadija apfuye. Abandi bagore baje nyuma barimo Sauda Binti, Aisha yakundaga cyane wari muto muri bo n’abandi.
Iherezo rye.
Yasengeye aho yagombaga gushyingurwa, kuko icyo gihe yarimo aribwa umutwe, agatangira no kubona ibidahari. Yasuye abagore be bose, abasaba kurwarira kwa Aisha, barabimwemerera, aba ari na ho apfira. Mbere yo gupfa yasabye Imana kumugirira impuhwe, agashyirwa aho abandi bakozi b’Imana bashyirwa.
Bivugwa ko yarozwe, abandi bakavuga ko yishwe indwara y’umutwe. Yashinguwe kwa Aisha, nyuma hubakwa umusigiti. Hanubatwe inzu ifite ibara ry’icyatsi yitwa Green Dome, aho hakaba ari i Madina, muri Saudi Arabia.
Abahanga bavuga ko akwiriye kubahwa n’abantu bose basenga, baba Abisilamu cyangwa Abakristo, kuko yapfuye arwanira ugusenga k’ukuri, ugusenga Imana imwe. Ntiyigishije urwango n’ibyaha, yigishije urukundo no gusenga Imana imwe. Ibindi wabyumva mu kiganiro cya AyS kuri YouTube, cyangwa ugasoma inkuru zivuga kuri Muhammed.
Nta foto yasize, iyi si iye, ni iyo bamukoreye nyuma kandi amafoto amugaragaza ntasa
