Gukora ubu bushakashatsi byari bigamije gusubiza umukunzi wacu, akaba umwe mu basomyi b’imena ba Paradise, Izerimana John wo mu Karere ka Rulindo mu Murenge wa Rukozo, wagize iki kibazo nyuma yo gusoma inkuru ku kinyamakuru cyacu (Paradise.rw) zivuga kuri Bibiliya, aho ingingo ivugwamo iba yarasesenguwe hifashishijwe Bibiliya n’ubushakashatsi bwemewe.

Abahanga bakoze ubushakashatsi kuri iyi ngingo, bari bagamije kureba ko gutabara ubuzima mu gihe hatabonetse amaraso y’abantu bishoboka, hifashishijwe ay’inyamaswa. Ariko se, birashoboka koko ko umuntu yaterwa amaraso y’inyamaswa akabaho? Ese byigeze bikunda? Igisubizo kirava ku bushakashatsi bwemewe, ndetse bujyanishwa n’uko Imana yaremye muntu n’inyamaswa mu buryo butandukanye.

Mu kinyejana cya 17, abaganga bamwe barimo Jean-Baptiste Denis wo mu Bufaransa, bashatse kugerageza gutera umuntu amaraso y’inyamaswa. Mu mwaka wa 1667, Denis yateye umuntu amaraso y’intama, kuko yifuzaga kumwongerera amaraso yari yabaye make.

Nyuma y’iki gikorwa, uwo murwayi yabuze ubuzima nyuma y’igihe gito, ndetse Denis yaje gutabwa muri yombi. Nubwo bamwe bagerageje kubihakana bavuga ko urupfu rw’uwo murwayi rutatewe n’amaraso yatewe, ibi byabaye igihamya ko guterwa amaraso atajyanye n’imiterere y’umubiri w’umuntu bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye.

Mu yindi myaka yakurikiyeho, abandi bashakashatsi barimo Richard Lower na Edward Tyson bo mu Bwongereza na bo bagerageje gutera abantu amaraso y’inyamaswa nk’imbwa n’inkoko, ariko bose bagira ibibazo bikomeye by’uburwayi ndetse ubudahangarwa bw’imibiri yabo bwanga kwihanganira ayo maraso.

Amaraso y’umuntu afite umwihariko ujyanye n’imiterere y’uturemangingo twitwa antigens ndetse na proteins bigaragaza ubwoko bw’amaraso nka A, B, AB, na O, ndetse na rhesus factor (Rh+ cyangwa Rh-). Inyamaswa zifite proteins zitandukanye, ku buryo amaraso yazo adashobora kwihuza n’amaraso y’umuntu ngo bibuze gutera ingaruka zikomeye.

Ibi byose bitwereka ukuntu ubuzima bw’umuntu bwubatswe mu buryo buhambaye – bitandukanye n’ubw’inyamaswa. Nk’uko Bibiliya ibivuga mu Itangiriro 2:7, Uwiteka Imana yaremye umuntu mu mukungugu wo hasi, imuhumekeramo umwuka w’ubugingo, ni ko umuntu abona kuba umuntu muzima. Ibi biratandukanye n’uko inyamaswa zaremwe –kuko umuntu yararemwe mu ishusho y’Imana, agahabwa icyubahiro kirenze.

Ubumenyi bugezweho bwarabyemeje, kuko n’ubwo ubuvuzi bwateye imbere, amaraso y’inyamaswa nta na rimwe yigeze asimbura ay’abantu mu buvuzi bwo kwa muganga. Ahubwo byerekana ukuntu umuntu yaremwe afite ubudahangarwa bwihariye, butihanganira uturemangingo duturutse ku bindi binyabuzima.

Mu by’ukuri, ubushakashatsi bwagerageje guhuza amaraso y’inyamaswa n’ay’umuntu bwaratsinzwe, ariko butanga icyigisho gikomeye: ubuzima bw’umuntu burihariye. Ibi bitwibutsa amagambo ya Zaburi 139:14, aho umwanditsi ashima Imana ko yamuremye mu buryo butangaje.

Iyi foto igaragaza igishushanyo cy’uwari muganga Jean‑Baptiste Denis ari mu gikorwa cyo gutera umuntu amaraso y’inyamaswa mu myaka ya 1667¹. Yerekana neza uburyo xenotransfusion (gutera amaraso y’inyamaswa mu muntu) yakozwe mu buryo bwa kera.

Ishusho (engraving) yerekana neza igikorwa cya xenotransfusion – guhuriza amaraso y’inyamaswa (nk’intama) mu muntu – cyakozwe na Jean‑Baptiste Denis muri Paris mu mwaka wa 1667

Iyi ni ifoto izwi cyane, yerekana neza uburyo bwo gutera amaraso mu muntu mu mateka y’ubuvuzi bwa kera (19th century illustration) – umuganga ari mu gikorwa cyo gutera umuntu amaraso, hifashishijwe uburyo bwa kera.